Brakes and the braking system: everything you need to know to drive safely

Brakes are one of the most important components of your vehicle. They ensure your safety, that of your passengers, and other road users. Yet, many drivers are unaware of how the braking system works or neglect its maintenance until a problem arises.

In this article, we explain the role of the braking system, its essential components, the signs of wear to look out for, as well as good maintenance practices to avoid costly breakdowns and ensure optimal braking.

1. The braking system role
The main function of the braking system is to slow down or stop your vehicle safely. It converts kinetic energy (motion) into heat through friction, which stops the wheels.
A good braking system must be:

• Responsive: it must respond quickly to pressure on the pedal.
• Powerful: it must be able to stop the vehicle, even at high speed.
• Stable: it must keep the vehicle in a straight line without drifting.

2. The braking system main components
A modern braking system is made up of several elements that work together. Here are the most important ones:

• Brake Pedal
  This is your point of contact with the system. When you press it, you apply hydraulic pressure to the circuit.
• Master Cylinder
  It converts the mechanical pressure from your foot into hydraulic pressure, which is then transmitted to the wheels.
• Brake Calipers and Pads
  The calipers press the pads against the rotors, creating the friction needed to slow the wheels.
• Discs or Drums
  Brake discs (or drums, on some models) are directly connected to the wheels. Their friction with the pads converts energy into heat.
• Brake Fluid
  This fluid transmits hydraulic pressure throughout the system. Without it, braking is impossible.

3. Wear and tear signs you should never ignore
A faulty braking system can quickly become dangerous. Here are the main warning signs:

• Abnormal noises: squealing, whistling, or clicking when braking.
• Soft or spongy pedal: Often caused by a fluid leak or air in the system.
• Longer braking distance: Worn pads or rotors.
• Vibrations in the pedal or steering wheel: Warped or worn rotors.
• Burning smell after heavy braking: System overheating.

Ignoring these signs can result in loss of vehicle control or serious damage to other components.

4. Regular maintenance: your best protection
To extend your braking system life and ensure your safety, follow these tips:

• Have your brakes checked every 20,000 to 25,000 km or once a year.
• Replace brake fluid every 2 years (or as recommended by the manufacturer).
• Have the pads replaced when they reach a minimum thickness of 3 to 4 mm.
• Have the system inspected after a long trip, heavy use (towing, mountain driving) or an accident.

At EXPRESS AutoCare, our certified technicians inspect your entire braking system—rotors, pads, calipers, fluid, and more—to detect any signs of wear before it becomes a hazard.

Conclusion: Never neglect your brakes
Your safety, that of your passengers, and other road users depends on the proper condition of your braking system. Regular inspection and preventive maintenance are the keys to avoiding breakdowns, reducing repair costs, maintaining optimal braking performance, and, most importantly, preventing accidents.

EXPRESS AutoCare is your trusted partner for brake inspection, maintenance, and repair. Schedule an appointment today to ensure safe, powerful, and quiet stops on every trip..

Pro Tip: Never put off a brake inspection. A simple preventive check can extend the life of your braking system… and potentially save yours.

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